There is scholarly controversy about what Descartes' views on the subject are (see Curley 1984). There is one defensible interpretation, however, that goes like this. God's omnipotence extends even over what we call the necessary truths. God has it in his power, for example, to make the sum of 2 and 3 not equal to 5. On this interpretation, every proposition is, from the point of view of God's power, metaphysically contingent. Yet God also made us so that, given our cognitive constitution, it is epistemically necessary for us that 2 + 3 = 5. That is, we are incapable of conceiving what it would be like for the sum of 2 and 3 not to equal 5. Inasmuch as every proposition is metaphysically contingent, God's power over what propositions would be true is not constrained in any way. The firm belief we creatures have that some truths could not have been otherwise than what they are is a consequence not of their metaphysical necessity—for there is no such thing—but rather of their epistemic necessity for us.
If Descartes' motivation is to make God master of the modal economy, then I think we must conclude that he has failed. For on the account just sketched, there remain metaphysical necessities over which God has no control.
There is only choice, a pure voluntarism unconstrained by any morally pertinent reality outside of the arbitrarily choosing subject.Values hang in the air, unrelated to facts, drawing their vitality only from the vagaries of the human preferences whose images they are. Thus, modernity becomes a time of immense but futile moral theorizing. In proportion to the futility of the project of grounding ethics is the human effort devoted thereunto.
元辰 发表于 2022-9-18 16:10
唐突想起读过的关于笛卡尔思想的论述片段(来自宗教哲学相关书籍,所以会很简略(?)
随便说说扼要的地方 ...
哇哇哇啊叭叭 发表于 2022-9-18 21:58
先水一个无关的话题:洗完澡后鼻子里就总有个臭臭的味道,不造是外边的化肥、是鞋底不慎粘连的粑粑,还 ...
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