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 Lv3.寻梦者 唯一的信徒 
	梦石0 星屑1692 在线时间1359 小时注册时间2013-1-29帖子1639 | 
| 本帖最后由 LBQ 于 2014-5-31 03:19 编辑 
 用git+github定期进行备份吧
 当然我也经历过所以写了个脚本:http://urpgs.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=1824
 
 说白了就是file utils..
 
 #fileutils.rb   [plain text]# # = fileutils.rb# # # This program is free software.# You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby.# # == module FileUtils# # Namespace for several file utility methods for copying, moving, removing, etc.# # === Module Functions# #   cd( dir, options )#   cd( dir, options ) {|dir| .... }#   pwd()#   mkdir( dir, options )#   mkdir_p( dir, options )#   rmdir( dir, options )#   ln( old, new, options )#   ln( list, destdir, options )#   ln_s( old, new, options )#   ln_s( list, destdir, options )#   ln_sf( src, dest, options )#   cp( src, dest, options )#   cp( list, dir, options )#   cp_r( src, dest, options )#   cp_r( list, dir, options )#   mv( src, dest, options )#   mv( list, dir, options )#   rm( list, options )#   rm_r( list, options )#   rm_rf( list, options )#   install( src, dest, mode = <src's>, options )#   chmod( mode, list, options )#   touch( list, options )## The <tt>options</tt> parameter is a hash of options, taken from the list# +:force+, +:noop+, +:preserve+, and +:verbose+.  +:noop+ means that no changes# are made.  The other two are obvious.  Each method documents the options that# it honours.## All methods that have the concept of a "source" file or directory can take# either one file or a list of files in that argument.  See the method# documentation for examples.## There are some `low level' methods, which does not accept any option:##   uptodate?( file, cmp_list )#   copy_file( srcfilename, destfilename )#   copy_stream( srcstream, deststream )#   compare_file( file_a, file_b )#   compare_stream( stream_a, stream_b )## == module FileUtils::Verbose# # This module has all methods of FileUtils module, but it outputs messages# before acting.  This equates to passing the +:verbose+ flag to methods in# FileUtils.# # == module FileUtils::NoWrite# # This module has all methods of FileUtils module, but never changes# files/directories.  This equates to passing the +:noop+ flag to methods in# FileUtils.#   module FileUtils   # All methods are module_function.   #  # Options: (none)  #  # Returns the name of the current directory.  #  def pwd    Dir.pwd  end   alias getwd pwd   #  # Options: noop verbose  #   # Changes the current directory to the directory +dir+.  #   # If this method is called with block, resumes to the old  # working directory after the block execution finished.  #   #   FileUtils.cd('/', :verbose => true)   # chdir and report it  #   def cd( dir, options = {}, &block ) # :yield: dir    fu_check_options options, :noop, :verbose    fu_output_message "cd #{dir}" if options[:verbose]    Dir.chdir(dir, &block) unless options[:noop]    fu_output_message 'cd -' if options[:verbose] and block  end   alias chdir cd    #  # Options: (none)  #   # Returns true if +newer+ is newer than all +old_list+.  # Non-existent files are older than any file.  #   #   FileUtils.uptodate?('hello.o', %w(hello.c hello.h)) or \  #       system 'make hello.o'  #   def uptodate?( new, old_list, options = nil )    raise ArgumentError, 'uptodate? does not accept any option' if options     return false unless FileTest.exist?(new)    new_time = File.mtime(new)    old_list.each do |old|      if FileTest.exist?(old)        return false unless new_time > File.mtime(old)      end    end    true  end    #  # Options: mode noop verbose  #   # Creates one or more directories.  #   #   FileUtils.mkdir 'test'  #   FileUtils.mkdir %w( tmp data )  #   FileUtils.mkdir 'notexist', :noop => true  # Does not really create.  #   FileUtils.mkdir 'tmp', :mode => 0700  #   def mkdir( list, options = {} )    fu_check_options options, :mode, :noop, :verbose    list = fu_list(list)    fu_output_message "mkdir #{options[:mode] ? ('-m %03o ' % options[:mode]) : ''}#{list.join ' '}" if options[:verbose]    return if options[:noop]     mode = options[:mode] || (0777 & ~File.umask)    list.each do |dir|      Dir.mkdir dir, mode    end  end   #  # Options: mode noop verbose  #   # Creates a directory and all its parent directories.  # For example,  #   #   FileUtils.mkdir_p '/usr/local/lib/ruby'  #   # causes to make following directories, if it does not exist.  #     * /usr  #     * /usr/local  #     * /usr/local/lib  #     * /usr/local/lib/ruby  #  # You can pass several directories at a time in a list.  #   def mkdir_p( list, options = {} )    fu_check_options options, :mode, :noop, :verbose    list = fu_list(list)    fu_output_message "mkdir -p #{options[:mode] ? ('-m %03o ' % options[:mode]) : ''}#{list.join ' '}" if options[:verbose]    return *list if options[:noop]     mode = options[:mode] || (0777 & ~File.umask)    list.map {|n| File.expand_path(n) }.each do |dir|      stack = []      until FileTest.directory?(dir)        stack.push dir        dir = File.dirname(dir)      end      stack.reverse_each do |n|        Dir.mkdir n, mode      end    end     return *list  end   alias mkpath    mkdir_p  alias makedirs  mkdir_p    #  # Options: noop, verbose  #   # Removes one or more directories.  #   #   FileUtils.rmdir 'somedir'  #   FileUtils.rmdir %w(somedir anydir otherdir)  #   # Does not really remove directory; outputs message.  #   FileUtils.rmdir 'somedir', :verbose => true, :noop => true  #   def rmdir( list, options = {} )    fu_check_options options, :noop, :verbose    list = fu_list(list)    fu_output_message "rmdir #{list.join ' '}" if options[:verbose]    return if options[:noop]     list.each do |dir|      Dir.rmdir dir    end  end    #  # Options: force noop verbose  #  # <b><tt>ln( old, new, options = {} )</tt></b>  #  # Creates a hard link +new+ which points to +old+.  # If +new+ already exists and it is a directory, creates a symbolic link +new/old+.  # If +new+ already exists and it is not a directory, raises Errno::EEXIST.  # But if :force option is set, overwrite +new+.  #   #   FileUtils.ln 'gcc', 'cc', :verbose => true  #   FileUtils.ln '/usr/bin/emacs21', '/usr/bin/emacs'  #   # <b><tt>ln( list, destdir, options = {} )</tt></b>  #   # Creates several hard links in a directory, with each one pointing to the  # item in +list+.  If +destdir+ is not a directory, raises Errno::ENOTDIR.  #   #   include FileUtils  #   cd '/bin'  #   ln %w(cp mv mkdir), '/usr/bin'   # Now /usr/bin/cp and /bin/cp are linked.  #   def ln( src, dest, options = {} )    fu_check_options options, :force, :noop, :verbose    fu_output_message "ln#{options[:force] ? ' -f' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if options[:verbose]    return if options[:noop]     fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s,d|      remove_file d, true if options[:force]      File.link s, d    end  end   alias link ln   #  # Options: force noop verbose  #  # <b><tt>ln_s( old, new, options = {} )</tt></b>  #   # Creates a symbolic link +new+ which points to +old+.  If +new+ already  # exists and it is a directory, creates a symbolic link +new/old+.  If +new+  # already exists and it is not a directory, raises Errno::EEXIST.  But if  # :force option is set, overwrite +new+.  #   #   FileUtils.ln_s '/usr/bin/ruby', '/usr/local/bin/ruby'  #   FileUtils.ln_s 'verylongsourcefilename.c', 'c', :force => true  #   # <b><tt>ln_s( list, destdir, options = {} )</tt></b>  #   # Creates several symbolic links in a directory, with each one pointing to the  # item in +list+.  If +destdir+ is not a directory, raises Errno::ENOTDIR.  #  # If +destdir+ is not a directory, raises Errno::ENOTDIR.  #   #   FileUtils.ln_s Dir.glob('bin/*.rb'), '/home/aamine/bin'  #   def ln_s( src, dest, options = {} )    fu_check_options options, :force, :noop, :verbose    fu_output_message "ln -s#{options[:force] ? 'f' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if options[:verbose]    return if options[:noop]     fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s,d|      remove_file d, true if options[:force]      File.symlink s, d    end  end   alias symlink ln_s   #  # Options: noop verbose  #   # Same as  #   #ln_s(src, dest, :force)  #   def ln_sf( src, dest, options = {} )    fu_check_options options, :noop, :verbose    options = options.dup    options[:force] = true    ln_s src, dest, options  end    #  # Options: preserve noop verbose  #  # Copies a file +src+ to +dest+. If +dest+ is a directory, copies  # +src+ to +dest/src+.  #  # If +src+ is a list of files, then +dest+ must be a directory.  #  #   FileUtils.cp 'eval.c', 'eval.c.org'  #   FileUtils.cp %w(cgi.rb complex.rb date.rb), '/usr/lib/ruby/1.6'  #   FileUtils.cp %w(cgi.rb complex.rb date.rb), '/usr/lib/ruby/1.6', :verbose => true  #   def cp( src, dest, options = {} )    fu_check_options options, :preserve, :noop, :verbose    fu_output_message "cp#{options[:preserve] ? ' -p' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if options[:verbose]    return if options[:noop]     fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s,d|      fu_preserve_attr(options[:preserve], s, d) {          copy_file s, d      }    end  end   alias copy cp   #  # Options: preserve noop verbose  #   # Copies +src+ to +dest+. If +src+ is a directory, this method copies  # all its contents recursively. If +dest+ is a directory, copies  # +src+ to +dest/src+.  #  # +src+ can be a list of files.  #   #   # Installing ruby library "mylib" under the site_ruby  #   FileUtils.rm_r site_ruby + '/mylib', :force  #   FileUtils.cp_r 'lib/', site_ruby + '/mylib'  #   #   # Examples of copying several files to target directory.  #   FileUtils.cp_r %w(mail.rb field.rb debug/), site_ruby + '/tmail'  #   FileUtils.cp_r Dir.glob('*.rb'), '/home/aamine/lib/ruby', :noop, :verbose  #   def cp_r( src, dest, options = {} )    fu_check_options options, :preserve, :noop, :verbose    fu_output_message "cp -r#{options[:preserve] ? 'p' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if options[:verbose]    return if options[:noop]     fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s,d|      if FileTest.directory?(s)        fu_copy_dir s, d, '.', options[:preserve]      else        fu_p_copy s, d, options[:preserve]      end    end  end   def fu_copy_dir( src, dest, rel, preserve ) #:nodoc:    fu_preserve_attr(preserve, "#{src}/#{rel}", "#{dest}/#{rel}") {|s,d|        dir = File.expand_path(d)   # to remove '/./'        Dir.mkdir dir unless FileTest.directory? dir    }    Dir.entries("#{src}/#{rel}").each do |fname|      if FileTest.directory? File.join(src,rel,fname)        next if /\A\.\.?\z/ === fname        fu_copy_dir src, dest, "#{rel}/#{fname}", preserve      else        fu_p_copy File.join(src,rel,fname), File.join(dest,rel,fname), preserve      end    end  end  private :fu_copy_dir   def fu_p_copy( src, dest, really ) #:nodoc:    fu_preserve_attr(really, src, dest) {        copy_file src, dest    }  end  private :fu_p_copy   def fu_preserve_attr( really, src, dest ) #:nodoc:    unless really      yield src, dest      return    end     st = File.stat(src)    yield src, dest    File.utime st.atime, st.mtime, dest    begin      File.chown st.uid, st.gid, dest    rescue Errno::EPERM      File.chmod st.mode & 01777, dest   # clear setuid/setgid    else      File.chmod st.mode, dest    end  end  private :fu_preserve_attr   #  # Copies file +src+ to +dest+.  # Both of +src+ and +dest+ must be a filename.  #  def copy_file( src, dest )    File.open(src,  'rb') {|r|    File.open(dest, "w"){}    File.open(dest, 'w+') {|w|        copy_stream r, w    } }  end   #  # Copies stream +src+ to +dest+.  # Both of +src+ and +dest+ must be a IO.  #  def copy_stream( src, dest )    bsize = fu_stream_blksize(src, dest)    begin      while true        dest.syswrite src.sysread(bsize)      end    rescue EOFError    end  end   #  # Options: noop verbose  #   # Moves file(s) +src+ to +dest+.  If +file+ and +dest+ exist on the different  # disk partition, the file is copied instead.  #   #   FileUtils.mv 'badname.rb', 'goodname.rb'  #   FileUtils.mv 'stuff.rb', 'lib/ruby', :force => true  #   #   FileUtils.mv %w(junk.txt dust.txt), '/home/aamine/.trash/'  #   FileUtils.mv Dir.glob('test*.rb'), 'test', :noop, :verbose => true  #   def mv( src, dest, options = {} )    fu_check_options options, :noop, :verbose    fu_output_message "mv #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if options[:verbose]    return if options[:noop]     fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s,d|      if cannot_overwrite_file? and FileTest.file?(d)        File.unlink d      end       begin        File.rename s, d      rescue        if FileTest.symlink?(s)          File.symlink File.readlink(s), dest          File.unlink s        else          st = File.stat(s)          copy_file s, d          File.unlink s          File.utime st.atime, st.mtime, d          begin            File.chown st.uid, st.gid, d          rescue            # ignore          end        end      end    end  end   alias move mv   def cannot_overwrite_file? #:nodoc:    /djgpp|cygwin|mswin32/ === RUBY_PLATFORM  end  private :cannot_overwrite_file?    #  # Options: force noop verbose  #   # Remove file(s) specified in +list+.  This method cannot remove directories.  # All errors are ignored when the :force option is set.  #   #   FileUtils.rm %w( junk.txt dust.txt )  #   FileUtils.rm Dir.glob('*.so')  #   FileUtils.rm 'NotExistFile', :force => true   # never raises exception  #   def rm( list, options = {} )    fu_check_options options, :force, :noop, :verbose    list = fu_list(list)    fu_output_message "rm#{options[:force] ? ' -f' : ''} #{list.join ' '}" if options[:verbose]    return if options[:noop]     list.each do |fname|      remove_file fname, options[:force]    end  end   alias remove rm   #  # Options: noop verbose  #   # Same as  #   #rm(list, :force)  #  def rm_f( list, options = {} )    fu_check_options options, :noop, :verbose    options = options.dup    options[:force] = true    rm list, options  end   alias safe_unlink rm_f   #  # Options: force noop verbose  #   # remove files +list+[0] +list+[1]... If +list+[n] is a directory,  # removes its all contents recursively. This method ignores  # StandardError when :force option is set.  #   #   FileUtils.rm_r Dir.glob('/tmp/*')  #   FileUtils.rm_r '/', :force => true          #  :-)  #   def rm_r( list, options = {} )    fu_check_options options, :force, :noop, :verbose    list = fu_list(list)    fu_output_message "rm -r#{options[:force] ? 'f' : ''} #{list.join ' '}" if options[:verbose]    return if options[:noop]     list.each do |fname|      begin        st = File.lstat(fname)      rescue        next if options[:force]        raise      end      if    st.symlink?   then remove_file fname, options[:force]      elsif st.directory? then remove_dir fname, options[:force]      else                     remove_file fname, options[:force]      end    end  end   #  # Options: noop verbose  #   # Same as   #   #rm_r(list, :force => true)  #   def rm_rf( list, options = {} )    fu_check_options options, :noop, :verbose    options = options.dup    options[:force] = true    rm_r list, options  end   alias rmtree rm_rf   def remove_file( fname, force = false ) #:nodoc:    first_time_p = true    begin      File.unlink fname    rescue Errno::ENOENT      raise unless force    rescue      if first_time_p        # try once more for Windows        first_time_p = false        File.chmod 0777, fname        retry      end      raise    end  end   def remove_dir( dir, force = false ) #:nodoc:    Dir.foreach(dir) do |file|      next if /\A\.\.?\z/ === file      path = "#{dir}/#{file}"      if FileTest.directory? path        remove_dir path, force      else        remove_file path, force      end    end    begin      Dir.rmdir dir    rescue Errno::ENOENT      raise unless force    end  end    #  # Returns true if the contents of a file A and a file B are identical.  #   #   FileUtils.compare_file('somefile', 'somefile')  #=> true  #   FileUtils.compare_file('/bin/cp', '/bin/mv')    #=> maybe false  #  def compare_file( a, b )    return false unless File.size(a) == File.size(b)    File.open(a, 'rb') {|fa|    File.open(b, 'rb') {|fb|        return compare_stream(fa, fb)    } }  end   alias identical? compare_file  alias cmp compare_file   #  # Returns true if the contents of a stream +a+ and +b+ are identical.  #  def compare_stream( a, b )    bsize = fu_stream_blksize(a, b)    sa = sb = nil    while sa == sb      sa = a.read(bsize)      sb = b.read(bsize)      unless sa and sb        if sa.nil? and sb.nil?          return true        end      end    end    false  end    #  # Options: mode noop verbose  #   # If +src+ is not same as +dest+, copies it and changes the permission  # mode to +mode+.  If +dest+ is a directory, destination is +dest+/+src+.  #   #   FileUtils.install 'ruby', '/usr/local/bin/ruby', :mode => 0755, :verbose => true  #   FileUtils.install 'lib.rb', '/usr/local/lib/ruby/site_ruby', :verbose => true  #   def install( src, dest, options = {} )    fu_check_options options, :mode, :preserve, :noop, :verbose    fu_output_message "install -c#{options[:preserve] && ' -p'}#{options[:mode] ? (' -m 0%o' % options[:mode]) : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if options[:verbose]    return if options[:noop]     fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s,d|      unless FileTest.exist?(d) and compare_file(s,d)        fu_preserve_attr(options[:preserve], s, d) {          remove_file d, true          copy_file s, d        }        File.chmod options[:mode], d if options[:mode]      end    end  end    #  # Options: noop verbose  #   # Changes permission bits on the named files (in +list+) to the bit pattern  # represented by +mode+.  #   #   FileUtils.chmod 0755, 'somecommand'  #   FileUtils.chmod 0644, %w(my.rb your.rb his.rb her.rb)  #   FileUtils.chmod 0755, '/usr/bin/ruby', :verbose => true  #   def chmod( mode, list, options = {} )    fu_check_options options, :noop, :verbose    list = fu_list(list)    fu_output_message sprintf('chmod %o %s', mode, list.join(' ')) if options[:verbose]    return if options[:noop]    File.chmod mode, *list  end    #  # Options: noop verbose  #   # Updates modification time (mtime) and access time (atime) of file(s) in  # +list+.  Files are created if they don't exist.  #   #   FileUtils.touch 'timestamp'  #   FileUtils.touch Dir.glob('*.c');  system 'make'  #   def touch( list, options = {} )    fu_check_options options, :noop, :verbose    list = fu_list(list)    fu_output_message "touch #{list.join ' '}" if options[:verbose]    return if options[:noop]     t = Time.now    list.each do |fname|      begin        File.utime(t, t, fname)      rescue Errno::ENOENT        File.open(fname, 'a') {            ;        }      end    end  end   private   def fu_check_options( options, *optdecl )    h = options.dup    optdecl.each do |name|      h.delete name    end    raise ArgumentError, "no such option: #{h.keys.join(' ')}" unless h.empty?  end   def fu_list( arg )    Array === arg ? arg : [arg]  end   def fu_each_src_dest( src, dest )    unless Array === src      yield src, fu_dest_filename(src, dest)    else      dir = dest      # FileTest.directory? dir or raise ArgumentError, "must be dir: #{dir}"      dir += (dir[-1,1] == '/') ? '' : '/'      src.each do |fname|        yield fname, dir + File.basename(fname)      end    end  end   def fu_dest_filename( src, dest )    if FileTest.directory? dest      (dest[-1,1] == '/' ? dest : dest + '/') + File.basename(src)    else      dest    end  end   def fu_stream_blksize( *streams )    streams.each do |s|      next unless s.respond_to?(:stat)      size = s.stat.blksize      return size unless size.nil? or size.zero?    end    1024  end   @fileutils_output = $stderr  @fileutils_label  = ''   def fu_output_message( msg )    @fileutils_output ||= $stderr    @fileutils_label  ||= ''    @fileutils_output.puts @fileutils_label + msg  end   def fu_update_option( args, new )    if Hash === args.last      args.last.update new    else      args.push new    end    args  end    extend self    OPT_TABLE = {    'pwd'          => %w(),    'cd'           => %w( noop verbose ),    'chdir'        => %w( noop verbose ),    'chmod'        => %w( noop verbose ),    'copy'         => %w( preserve noop verbose ),    'cp'           => %w( preserve noop verbose ),    'cp_r'         => %w( preserve noop verbose ),    'install'      => %w( mode noop verbose ),    'link'         => %w( force noop verbose ),    'ln'           => %w( force noop verbose ),    'ln_s'         => %w( force noop verbose ),    'ln_sf'        => %w( noop verbose ),    'makedirs'     => %w( noop verbose ),    'mkdir'        => %w( mode noop verbose ),    'mkdir_p'      => %w( mode noop verbose ),    'mkpath'       => %w( noop verbose ),    'move'         => %w( noop verbose ),    'mv'           => %w( noop verbose ),    'remove'       => %w( force noop verbose ),    'rm'           => %w( force noop verbose ),    'rm_f'         => %w( noop verbose ),    'rm_r'         => %w( force noop verbose ),    'rm_rf'        => %w( noop verbose ),    'rmtree'       => %w( noop verbose ),    'rmdir'        => %w( noop verbose ),    'safe_unlink'  => %w( noop verbose ),    'symlink'      => %w( force noop verbose ),    'touch'        => %w( noop verbose )  }    #   # This module has all methods of FileUtils module, but it outputs messages  # before acting.  This equates to passing the +:verbose+ flag to methods in  # FileUtils.  #   module Verbose     include FileUtils     @fileutils_output  = $stderr    @fileutils_label   = ''    @fileutils_verbose = true     FileUtils::OPT_TABLE.each do |name, opts|      next unless opts.include?('verbose')      module_eval(<<-EOS, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1)        def #{name}( *args )          @fileutils_verbose = true unless defined?(@fileutils_verbose)          super(*fu_update_option(args, :verbose => @fileutils_verbose))        end      EOS    end     extend self   end    #   # This module has all methods of FileUtils module, but never changes  # files/directories.  This equates to passing the +:noop+ flag to methods in  # FileUtils.  #   module NoWrite     include FileUtils     @fileutils_output  = $stderr    @fileutils_label   = ''    @fileutils_nowrite = true     FileUtils::OPT_TABLE.each do |name, opts|      next unless opts.include? 'noop'      module_eval(<<-EOS, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1)        def #{name}( *args )          unless defined?(@fileutils_nowrite)            @fileutils_nowrite ||= true          end          super(*fu_update_option(args, :noop => true))        end      EOS    end     extend self    end end  # Documentation comments:#  - Some RDoc markup used here doesn't work (namely, +file1+, +:noop+,#    +dir/file+).  I consider this a bug and expect that these will be valid in#    the near future.FileUtils.mkdir_p "Data_BK"FileUtils.cp_r(Dir['Data/*'] - Dir['Data/Map*'],'Data_BK')
#fileutils.rb   [plain text] 
#  
# = fileutils.rb 
#  
#  
# This program is free software. 
# You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby. 
#  
# == module FileUtils 
#  
# Namespace for several file utility methods for copying, moving, removing, etc. 
#  
# === Module Functions 
#  
#   cd( dir, options ) 
#   cd( dir, options ) {|dir| .... } 
#   pwd() 
#   mkdir( dir, options ) 
#   mkdir_p( dir, options ) 
#   rmdir( dir, options ) 
#   ln( old, new, options ) 
#   ln( list, destdir, options ) 
#   ln_s( old, new, options ) 
#   ln_s( list, destdir, options ) 
#   ln_sf( src, dest, options ) 
#   cp( src, dest, options ) 
#   cp( list, dir, options ) 
#   cp_r( src, dest, options ) 
#   cp_r( list, dir, options ) 
#   mv( src, dest, options ) 
#   mv( list, dir, options ) 
#   rm( list, options ) 
#   rm_r( list, options ) 
#   rm_rf( list, options ) 
#   install( src, dest, mode = <src's>, options ) 
#   chmod( mode, list, options ) 
#   touch( list, options ) 
# 
# The <tt>options</tt> parameter is a hash of options, taken from the list 
# +:force+, +:noop+, +:preserve+, and +:verbose+.  +:noop+ means that no changes 
# are made.  The other two are obvious.  Each method documents the options that 
# it honours. 
# 
# All methods that have the concept of a "source" file or directory can take 
# either one file or a list of files in that argument.  See the method 
# documentation for examples. 
# 
# There are some `low level' methods, which does not accept any option: 
# 
#   uptodate?( file, cmp_list ) 
#   copy_file( srcfilename, destfilename ) 
#   copy_stream( srcstream, deststream ) 
#   compare_file( file_a, file_b ) 
#   compare_stream( stream_a, stream_b ) 
# 
# == module FileUtils::Verbose 
#  
# This module has all methods of FileUtils module, but it outputs messages 
# before acting.  This equates to passing the +:verbose+ flag to methods in 
# FileUtils. 
#  
# == module FileUtils::NoWrite 
#  
# This module has all methods of FileUtils module, but never changes 
# files/directories.  This equates to passing the +:noop+ flag to methods in 
# FileUtils. 
#  
  
  
module FileUtils 
  
  # All methods are module_function. 
  
  # 
  # Options: (none) 
  # 
  # Returns the name of the current directory. 
  # 
  def pwd 
    Dir.pwd 
  end 
  
  alias getwd pwd 
  
  # 
  # Options: noop verbose 
  #  
  # Changes the current directory to the directory +dir+. 
  #  
  # If this method is called with block, resumes to the old 
  # working directory after the block execution finished. 
  #  
  #   FileUtils.cd('/', :verbose => true)   # chdir and report it 
  #  
  def cd( dir, options = {}, &block ) # :yield: dir 
    fu_check_options options, :noop, :verbose 
    fu_output_message "cd #{dir}" if options[:verbose] 
    Dir.chdir(dir, &block) unless options[:noop] 
    fu_output_message 'cd -' if options[:verbose] and block 
  end 
  
  alias chdir cd 
  
  
  # 
  # Options: (none) 
  #  
  # Returns true if +newer+ is newer than all +old_list+. 
  # Non-existent files are older than any file. 
  #  
  #   FileUtils.uptodate?('hello.o', %w(hello.c hello.h)) or \ 
  #       system 'make hello.o' 
  #  
  def uptodate?( new, old_list, options = nil ) 
    raise ArgumentError, 'uptodate? does not accept any option' if options 
  
    return false unless FileTest.exist?(new) 
    new_time = File.mtime(new) 
    old_list.each do |old| 
      if FileTest.exist?(old) 
        return false unless new_time > File.mtime(old) 
      end 
    end 
    true 
  end 
  
  
  # 
  # Options: mode noop verbose 
  #  
  # Creates one or more directories. 
  #  
  #   FileUtils.mkdir 'test' 
  #   FileUtils.mkdir %w( tmp data ) 
  #   FileUtils.mkdir 'notexist', :noop => true  # Does not really create. 
  #   FileUtils.mkdir 'tmp', :mode => 0700 
  #  
  def mkdir( list, options = {} ) 
    fu_check_options options, :mode, :noop, :verbose 
    list = fu_list(list) 
    fu_output_message "mkdir #{options[:mode] ? ('-m %03o ' % options[:mode]) : ''}#{list.join ' '}" if options[:verbose] 
    return if options[:noop] 
  
    mode = options[:mode] || (0777 & ~File.umask) 
    list.each do |dir| 
      Dir.mkdir dir, mode 
    end 
  end 
  
  # 
  # Options: mode noop verbose 
  #  
  # Creates a directory and all its parent directories. 
  # For example, 
  #  
  #   FileUtils.mkdir_p '/usr/local/lib/ruby' 
  #  
  # causes to make following directories, if it does not exist. 
  #     * /usr 
  #     * /usr/local 
  #     * /usr/local/lib 
  #     * /usr/local/lib/ruby 
  # 
  # You can pass several directories at a time in a list. 
  #  
  def mkdir_p( list, options = {} ) 
    fu_check_options options, :mode, :noop, :verbose 
    list = fu_list(list) 
    fu_output_message "mkdir -p #{options[:mode] ? ('-m %03o ' % options[:mode]) : ''}#{list.join ' '}" if options[:verbose] 
    return *list if options[:noop] 
  
    mode = options[:mode] || (0777 & ~File.umask) 
    list.map {|n| File.expand_path(n) }.each do |dir| 
      stack = [] 
      until FileTest.directory?(dir) 
        stack.push dir 
        dir = File.dirname(dir) 
      end 
      stack.reverse_each do |n| 
        Dir.mkdir n, mode 
      end 
    end 
  
    return *list 
  end 
  
  alias mkpath    mkdir_p 
  alias makedirs  mkdir_p 
  
  
  # 
  # Options: noop, verbose 
  #  
  # Removes one or more directories. 
  #  
  #   FileUtils.rmdir 'somedir' 
  #   FileUtils.rmdir %w(somedir anydir otherdir) 
  #   # Does not really remove directory; outputs message. 
  #   FileUtils.rmdir 'somedir', :verbose => true, :noop => true 
  #  
  def rmdir( list, options = {} ) 
    fu_check_options options, :noop, :verbose 
    list = fu_list(list) 
    fu_output_message "rmdir #{list.join ' '}" if options[:verbose] 
    return if options[:noop] 
  
    list.each do |dir| 
      Dir.rmdir dir 
    end 
  end 
  
  
  # 
  # Options: force noop verbose 
  # 
  # <b><tt>ln( old, new, options = {} )</tt></b> 
  # 
  # Creates a hard link +new+ which points to +old+. 
  # If +new+ already exists and it is a directory, creates a symbolic link +new/old+. 
  # If +new+ already exists and it is not a directory, raises Errno::EEXIST. 
  # But if :force option is set, overwrite +new+. 
  #  
  #   FileUtils.ln 'gcc', 'cc', :verbose => true 
  #   FileUtils.ln '/usr/bin/emacs21', '/usr/bin/emacs' 
  #  
  # <b><tt>ln( list, destdir, options = {} )</tt></b> 
  #  
  # Creates several hard links in a directory, with each one pointing to the 
  # item in +list+.  If +destdir+ is not a directory, raises Errno::ENOTDIR. 
  #  
  #   include FileUtils 
  #   cd '/bin' 
  #   ln %w(cp mv mkdir), '/usr/bin'   # Now /usr/bin/cp and /bin/cp are linked. 
  #  
  def ln( src, dest, options = {} ) 
    fu_check_options options, :force, :noop, :verbose 
    fu_output_message "ln#{options[:force] ? ' -f' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if options[:verbose] 
    return if options[:noop] 
  
    fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s,d| 
      remove_file d, true if options[:force] 
      File.link s, d 
    end 
  end 
  
  alias link ln 
  
  # 
  # Options: force noop verbose 
  # 
  # <b><tt>ln_s( old, new, options = {} )</tt></b> 
  #  
  # Creates a symbolic link +new+ which points to +old+.  If +new+ already 
  # exists and it is a directory, creates a symbolic link +new/old+.  If +new+ 
  # already exists and it is not a directory, raises Errno::EEXIST.  But if 
  # :force option is set, overwrite +new+. 
  #  
  #   FileUtils.ln_s '/usr/bin/ruby', '/usr/local/bin/ruby' 
  #   FileUtils.ln_s 'verylongsourcefilename.c', 'c', :force => true 
  #  
  # <b><tt>ln_s( list, destdir, options = {} )</tt></b> 
  #  
  # Creates several symbolic links in a directory, with each one pointing to the 
  # item in +list+.  If +destdir+ is not a directory, raises Errno::ENOTDIR. 
  # 
  # If +destdir+ is not a directory, raises Errno::ENOTDIR. 
  #  
  #   FileUtils.ln_s Dir.glob('bin/*.rb'), '/home/aamine/bin' 
  #  
  def ln_s( src, dest, options = {} ) 
    fu_check_options options, :force, :noop, :verbose 
    fu_output_message "ln -s#{options[:force] ? 'f' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if options[:verbose] 
    return if options[:noop] 
  
    fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s,d| 
      remove_file d, true if options[:force] 
      File.symlink s, d 
    end 
  end 
  
  alias symlink ln_s 
  
  # 
  # Options: noop verbose 
  #  
  # Same as 
  #   #ln_s(src, dest, :force) 
  #  
  def ln_sf( src, dest, options = {} ) 
    fu_check_options options, :noop, :verbose 
    options = options.dup 
    options[:force] = true 
    ln_s src, dest, options 
  end 
  
  
  # 
  # Options: preserve noop verbose 
  # 
  # Copies a file +src+ to +dest+. If +dest+ is a directory, copies 
  # +src+ to +dest/src+. 
  # 
  # If +src+ is a list of files, then +dest+ must be a directory. 
  # 
  #   FileUtils.cp 'eval.c', 'eval.c.org' 
  #   FileUtils.cp %w(cgi.rb complex.rb date.rb), '/usr/lib/ruby/1.6' 
  #   FileUtils.cp %w(cgi.rb complex.rb date.rb), '/usr/lib/ruby/1.6', :verbose => true 
  #  
  def cp( src, dest, options = {} ) 
    fu_check_options options, :preserve, :noop, :verbose 
    fu_output_message "cp#{options[:preserve] ? ' -p' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if options[:verbose] 
    return if options[:noop] 
  
    fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s,d| 
      fu_preserve_attr(options[:preserve], s, d) { 
          copy_file s, d 
      } 
    end 
  end 
  
  alias copy cp 
  
  # 
  # Options: preserve noop verbose 
  #  
  # Copies +src+ to +dest+. If +src+ is a directory, this method copies 
  # all its contents recursively. If +dest+ is a directory, copies 
  # +src+ to +dest/src+. 
  # 
  # +src+ can be a list of files. 
  #  
  #   # Installing ruby library "mylib" under the site_ruby 
  #   FileUtils.rm_r site_ruby + '/mylib', :force 
  #   FileUtils.cp_r 'lib/', site_ruby + '/mylib' 
  #  
  #   # Examples of copying several files to target directory. 
  #   FileUtils.cp_r %w(mail.rb field.rb debug/), site_ruby + '/tmail' 
  #   FileUtils.cp_r Dir.glob('*.rb'), '/home/aamine/lib/ruby', :noop, :verbose 
  #  
  def cp_r( src, dest, options = {} ) 
    fu_check_options options, :preserve, :noop, :verbose 
    fu_output_message "cp -r#{options[:preserve] ? 'p' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if options[:verbose] 
    return if options[:noop] 
  
    fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s,d| 
      if FileTest.directory?(s) 
        fu_copy_dir s, d, '.', options[:preserve] 
      else 
        fu_p_copy s, d, options[:preserve] 
      end 
    end 
  end 
  
  def fu_copy_dir( src, dest, rel, preserve ) #:nodoc: 
    fu_preserve_attr(preserve, "#{src}/#{rel}", "#{dest}/#{rel}") {|s,d| 
        dir = File.expand_path(d)   # to remove '/./' 
        Dir.mkdir dir unless FileTest.directory? dir 
    } 
    Dir.entries("#{src}/#{rel}").each do |fname| 
      if FileTest.directory? File.join(src,rel,fname) 
        next if /\A\.\.?\z/ === fname 
        fu_copy_dir src, dest, "#{rel}/#{fname}", preserve 
      else 
        fu_p_copy File.join(src,rel,fname), File.join(dest,rel,fname), preserve 
      end 
    end 
  end 
  private :fu_copy_dir 
  
  def fu_p_copy( src, dest, really ) #:nodoc: 
    fu_preserve_attr(really, src, dest) { 
        copy_file src, dest 
    } 
  end 
  private :fu_p_copy 
  
  def fu_preserve_attr( really, src, dest ) #:nodoc: 
    unless really 
      yield src, dest 
      return 
    end 
  
    st = File.stat(src) 
    yield src, dest 
    File.utime st.atime, st.mtime, dest 
    begin 
      File.chown st.uid, st.gid, dest 
    rescue Errno::EPERM 
      File.chmod st.mode & 01777, dest   # clear setuid/setgid 
    else 
      File.chmod st.mode, dest 
    end 
  end 
  private :fu_preserve_attr 
  
  # 
  # Copies file +src+ to +dest+. 
  # Both of +src+ and +dest+ must be a filename. 
  # 
  def copy_file( src, dest ) 
    File.open(src,  'rb') {|r| 
    File.open(dest, "w"){} 
    File.open(dest, 'w+') {|w| 
        copy_stream r, w 
    } } 
  end 
  
  # 
  # Copies stream +src+ to +dest+. 
  # Both of +src+ and +dest+ must be a IO. 
  # 
  def copy_stream( src, dest ) 
    bsize = fu_stream_blksize(src, dest) 
    begin 
      while true 
        dest.syswrite src.sysread(bsize) 
      end 
    rescue EOFError 
    end 
  end 
  
  # 
  # Options: noop verbose 
  #  
  # Moves file(s) +src+ to +dest+.  If +file+ and +dest+ exist on the different 
  # disk partition, the file is copied instead. 
  #  
  #   FileUtils.mv 'badname.rb', 'goodname.rb' 
  #   FileUtils.mv 'stuff.rb', 'lib/ruby', :force => true 
  #  
  #   FileUtils.mv %w(junk.txt dust.txt), '/home/aamine/.trash/' 
  #   FileUtils.mv Dir.glob('test*.rb'), 'test', :noop, :verbose => true 
  #  
  def mv( src, dest, options = {} ) 
    fu_check_options options, :noop, :verbose 
    fu_output_message "mv #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if options[:verbose] 
    return if options[:noop] 
  
    fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s,d| 
      if cannot_overwrite_file? and FileTest.file?(d) 
        File.unlink d 
      end 
  
      begin 
        File.rename s, d 
      rescue 
        if FileTest.symlink?(s) 
          File.symlink File.readlink(s), dest 
          File.unlink s 
        else 
          st = File.stat(s) 
          copy_file s, d 
          File.unlink s 
          File.utime st.atime, st.mtime, d 
          begin 
            File.chown st.uid, st.gid, d 
          rescue 
            # ignore 
          end 
        end 
      end 
    end 
  end 
  
  alias move mv 
  
  def cannot_overwrite_file? #:nodoc: 
    /djgpp|cygwin|mswin32/ === RUBY_PLATFORM 
  end 
  private :cannot_overwrite_file? 
  
  
  # 
  # Options: force noop verbose 
  #  
  # Remove file(s) specified in +list+.  This method cannot remove directories. 
  # All errors are ignored when the :force option is set. 
  #  
  #   FileUtils.rm %w( junk.txt dust.txt ) 
  #   FileUtils.rm Dir.glob('*.so') 
  #   FileUtils.rm 'NotExistFile', :force => true   # never raises exception 
  #  
  def rm( list, options = {} ) 
    fu_check_options options, :force, :noop, :verbose 
    list = fu_list(list) 
    fu_output_message "rm#{options[:force] ? ' -f' : ''} #{list.join ' '}" if options[:verbose] 
    return if options[:noop] 
  
    list.each do |fname| 
      remove_file fname, options[:force] 
    end 
  end 
  
  alias remove rm 
  
  # 
  # Options: noop verbose 
  #  
  # Same as 
  #   #rm(list, :force) 
  # 
  def rm_f( list, options = {} ) 
    fu_check_options options, :noop, :verbose 
    options = options.dup 
    options[:force] = true 
    rm list, options 
  end 
  
  alias safe_unlink rm_f 
  
  # 
  # Options: force noop verbose 
  #  
  # remove files +list+[0] +list+[1]... If +list+[n] is a directory, 
  # removes its all contents recursively. This method ignores 
  # StandardError when :force option is set. 
  #  
  #   FileUtils.rm_r Dir.glob('/tmp/*') 
  #   FileUtils.rm_r '/', :force => true          #  :-) 
  #  
  def rm_r( list, options = {} ) 
    fu_check_options options, :force, :noop, :verbose 
    list = fu_list(list) 
    fu_output_message "rm -r#{options[:force] ? 'f' : ''} #{list.join ' '}" if options[:verbose] 
    return if options[:noop] 
  
    list.each do |fname| 
      begin 
        st = File.lstat(fname) 
      rescue 
        next if options[:force] 
        raise 
      end 
      if    st.symlink?   then remove_file fname, options[:force] 
      elsif st.directory? then remove_dir fname, options[:force] 
      else                     remove_file fname, options[:force] 
      end 
    end 
  end 
  
  # 
  # Options: noop verbose 
  #  
  # Same as  
  #   #rm_r(list, :force => true) 
  #  
  def rm_rf( list, options = {} ) 
    fu_check_options options, :noop, :verbose 
    options = options.dup 
    options[:force] = true 
    rm_r list, options 
  end 
  
  alias rmtree rm_rf 
  
  def remove_file( fname, force = false ) #:nodoc: 
    first_time_p = true 
    begin 
      File.unlink fname 
    rescue Errno::ENOENT 
      raise unless force 
    rescue 
      if first_time_p 
        # try once more for Windows 
        first_time_p = false 
        File.chmod 0777, fname 
        retry 
      end 
      raise 
    end 
  end 
  
  def remove_dir( dir, force = false ) #:nodoc: 
    Dir.foreach(dir) do |file| 
      next if /\A\.\.?\z/ === file 
      path = "#{dir}/#{file}" 
      if FileTest.directory? path 
        remove_dir path, force 
      else 
        remove_file path, force 
      end 
    end 
    begin 
      Dir.rmdir dir 
    rescue Errno::ENOENT 
      raise unless force 
    end 
  end 
  
  
  # 
  # Returns true if the contents of a file A and a file B are identical. 
  #  
  #   FileUtils.compare_file('somefile', 'somefile')  #=> true 
  #   FileUtils.compare_file('/bin/cp', '/bin/mv')    #=> maybe false 
  # 
  def compare_file( a, b ) 
    return false unless File.size(a) == File.size(b) 
    File.open(a, 'rb') {|fa| 
    File.open(b, 'rb') {|fb| 
        return compare_stream(fa, fb) 
    } } 
  end 
  
  alias identical? compare_file 
  alias cmp compare_file 
  
  # 
  # Returns true if the contents of a stream +a+ and +b+ are identical. 
  # 
  def compare_stream( a, b ) 
    bsize = fu_stream_blksize(a, b) 
    sa = sb = nil 
    while sa == sb 
      sa = a.read(bsize) 
      sb = b.read(bsize) 
      unless sa and sb 
        if sa.nil? and sb.nil? 
          return true 
        end 
      end 
    end 
    false 
  end 
  
  
  # 
  # Options: mode noop verbose 
  #  
  # If +src+ is not same as +dest+, copies it and changes the permission 
  # mode to +mode+.  If +dest+ is a directory, destination is +dest+/+src+. 
  #  
  #   FileUtils.install 'ruby', '/usr/local/bin/ruby', :mode => 0755, :verbose => true 
  #   FileUtils.install 'lib.rb', '/usr/local/lib/ruby/site_ruby', :verbose => true 
  #  
  def install( src, dest, options = {} ) 
    fu_check_options options, :mode, :preserve, :noop, :verbose 
    fu_output_message "install -c#{options[:preserve] && ' -p'}#{options[:mode] ? (' -m 0%o' % options[:mode]) : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if options[:verbose] 
    return if options[:noop] 
  
    fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s,d| 
      unless FileTest.exist?(d) and compare_file(s,d) 
        fu_preserve_attr(options[:preserve], s, d) { 
          remove_file d, true 
          copy_file s, d 
        } 
        File.chmod options[:mode], d if options[:mode] 
      end 
    end 
  end 
  
  
  # 
  # Options: noop verbose 
  #  
  # Changes permission bits on the named files (in +list+) to the bit pattern 
  # represented by +mode+. 
  #  
  #   FileUtils.chmod 0755, 'somecommand' 
  #   FileUtils.chmod 0644, %w(my.rb your.rb his.rb her.rb) 
  #   FileUtils.chmod 0755, '/usr/bin/ruby', :verbose => true 
  #  
  def chmod( mode, list, options = {} ) 
    fu_check_options options, :noop, :verbose 
    list = fu_list(list) 
    fu_output_message sprintf('chmod %o %s', mode, list.join(' ')) if options[:verbose] 
    return if options[:noop] 
    File.chmod mode, *list 
  end 
  
  
  # 
  # Options: noop verbose 
  #  
  # Updates modification time (mtime) and access time (atime) of file(s) in 
  # +list+.  Files are created if they don't exist. 
  #  
  #   FileUtils.touch 'timestamp' 
  #   FileUtils.touch Dir.glob('*.c');  system 'make' 
  #  
  def touch( list, options = {} ) 
    fu_check_options options, :noop, :verbose 
    list = fu_list(list) 
    fu_output_message "touch #{list.join ' '}" if options[:verbose] 
    return if options[:noop] 
  
    t = Time.now 
    list.each do |fname| 
      begin 
        File.utime(t, t, fname) 
      rescue Errno::ENOENT 
        File.open(fname, 'a') { 
            ; 
        } 
      end 
    end 
  end 
  
  private 
  
  def fu_check_options( options, *optdecl ) 
    h = options.dup 
    optdecl.each do |name| 
      h.delete name 
    end 
    raise ArgumentError, "no such option: #{h.keys.join(' ')}" unless h.empty? 
  end 
  
  def fu_list( arg ) 
    Array === arg ? arg : [arg] 
  end 
  
  def fu_each_src_dest( src, dest ) 
    unless Array === src 
      yield src, fu_dest_filename(src, dest) 
    else 
      dir = dest 
      # FileTest.directory? dir or raise ArgumentError, "must be dir: #{dir}" 
      dir += (dir[-1,1] == '/') ? '' : '/' 
      src.each do |fname| 
        yield fname, dir + File.basename(fname) 
      end 
    end 
  end 
  
  def fu_dest_filename( src, dest ) 
    if FileTest.directory? dest 
      (dest[-1,1] == '/' ? dest : dest + '/') + File.basename(src) 
    else 
      dest 
    end 
  end 
  
  def fu_stream_blksize( *streams ) 
    streams.each do |s| 
      next unless s.respond_to?(:stat) 
      size = s.stat.blksize 
      return size unless size.nil? or size.zero? 
    end 
    1024 
  end 
  
  @fileutils_output = $stderr 
  @fileutils_label  = '' 
  
  def fu_output_message( msg ) 
    @fileutils_output ||= $stderr 
    @fileutils_label  ||= '' 
    @fileutils_output.puts @fileutils_label + msg 
  end 
  
  def fu_update_option( args, new ) 
    if Hash === args.last 
      args.last.update new 
    else 
      args.push new 
    end 
    args 
  end 
  
  
  extend self 
  
  
  OPT_TABLE = { 
    'pwd'          => %w(), 
    'cd'           => %w( noop verbose ), 
    'chdir'        => %w( noop verbose ), 
    'chmod'        => %w( noop verbose ), 
    'copy'         => %w( preserve noop verbose ), 
    'cp'           => %w( preserve noop verbose ), 
    'cp_r'         => %w( preserve noop verbose ), 
    'install'      => %w( mode noop verbose ), 
    'link'         => %w( force noop verbose ), 
    'ln'           => %w( force noop verbose ), 
    'ln_s'         => %w( force noop verbose ), 
    'ln_sf'        => %w( noop verbose ), 
    'makedirs'     => %w( noop verbose ), 
    'mkdir'        => %w( mode noop verbose ), 
    'mkdir_p'      => %w( mode noop verbose ), 
    'mkpath'       => %w( noop verbose ), 
    'move'         => %w( noop verbose ), 
    'mv'           => %w( noop verbose ), 
    'remove'       => %w( force noop verbose ), 
    'rm'           => %w( force noop verbose ), 
    'rm_f'         => %w( noop verbose ), 
    'rm_r'         => %w( force noop verbose ), 
    'rm_rf'        => %w( noop verbose ), 
    'rmtree'       => %w( noop verbose ), 
    'rmdir'        => %w( noop verbose ), 
    'safe_unlink'  => %w( noop verbose ), 
    'symlink'      => %w( force noop verbose ), 
    'touch'        => %w( noop verbose ) 
  } 
  
  
  #  
  # This module has all methods of FileUtils module, but it outputs messages 
  # before acting.  This equates to passing the +:verbose+ flag to methods in 
  # FileUtils. 
  #  
  module Verbose 
  
    include FileUtils 
  
    @fileutils_output  = $stderr 
    @fileutils_label   = '' 
    @fileutils_verbose = true 
  
    FileUtils::OPT_TABLE.each do |name, opts| 
      next unless opts.include?('verbose') 
      module_eval(<<-EOS, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1) 
        def #{name}( *args ) 
          @fileutils_verbose = true unless defined?(@fileutils_verbose) 
          super(*fu_update_option(args, :verbose => @fileutils_verbose)) 
        end 
      EOS 
    end 
  
    extend self 
  
  end 
  
  
  #  
  # This module has all methods of FileUtils module, but never changes 
  # files/directories.  This equates to passing the +:noop+ flag to methods in 
  # FileUtils. 
  #  
  module NoWrite 
  
    include FileUtils 
  
    @fileutils_output  = $stderr 
    @fileutils_label   = '' 
    @fileutils_nowrite = true 
  
    FileUtils::OPT_TABLE.each do |name, opts| 
      next unless opts.include? 'noop' 
      module_eval(<<-EOS, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1) 
        def #{name}( *args ) 
          unless defined?(@fileutils_nowrite) 
            @fileutils_nowrite ||= true 
          end 
          super(*fu_update_option(args, :noop => true)) 
        end 
      EOS 
    end 
  
    extend self 
   
  end 
  
end 
  
  
# Documentation comments: 
#  - Some RDoc markup used here doesn't work (namely, +file1+, +:noop+, 
#    +dir/file+).  I consider this a bug and expect that these will be valid in 
#    the near future. 
FileUtils.mkdir_p "Data_BK" 
FileUtils.cp_r(Dir['Data/*'] - Dir['Data/Map*'],'Data_BK') 
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