仿DQ3标题菜单【多态命令代替case @index条件】

六祈 · 发表于 2010-10-1 16:30:50

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起因：写这个标题菜单最初是为了仿DQ3的标题，后来发现项目数从2-5变化，case语句在这种情况应用起来捉襟见肘

于是思考该怎么解决，最后决定用
s1 = "继续游戏"
def s1.sym
:command_continue
end
然后在按下按钮后，send方法名的方式实现

【最近刚开始学习重构，术语叫多态替换条件语句

这样做的好处：以后可以任意修改菜单选项数量，在任意位置添加和删除，不会导致一系列的case语句都要修改

上效果图

最后是范例：

DQ_Title.rar (241.23 KB, 下载次数: 284)

六祈 · 发表于 2010-10-1 16:35:01

连一帖发布代码
窗体和场景的基本设置，用window的update_method属性实现场景的update多态，取消if xxx.active?;update_xxx;end部分。
以及将窗口动态打开的方法封装到Scene_Base内

class Window_Base
attr_accessor :update_method
end
class Scene_Base
attr_accessor :active_window
def open_window_with_duration(opened_window,hash={})
opened_window.openness = 0
opened_window.x = hash[:x] || opened_window.x
opened_window.y = hash[:y] || opened_window.y
opened_window.open
begin
opened_window.update
Graphics.update
end until opened_window.openness == 255
end
def close_window_with_duration(closed_window)
return if closed_window.nil?
closed_window.close
begin
closed_window.update
Graphics.update
end until closed_window.openness == 0
end
end

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将读写存档封装到独立的模块内

module DQ
def self.do_save(i = 1)
file = File.open("Save#{i}.rvdata", "wb")
write_save_data(file)
file.close
$scene = Scene_Map.new
end
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ● 执行读档
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def self.do_load(i = 1)
file = File.open("Save#{i}.rvdata", "rb")
read_save_data(file)
file.close
$scene = Scene_Map.new
RPG::BGM.fade(1500)
Graphics.fadeout(60)
Graphics.wait(40)
@last_bgm.play
@last_bgs.play
end
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ● 写入存档数据
# file : 写入存档对象（已开启）
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def self.write_save_data(file)
characters = []
for actor in $game_party.members
characters.push([actor.character_name, actor.character_index])
end
$game_system.version_id = $data_system.version_id
@last_bgm = RPG::BGM::last
@last_bgs = RPG::BGS::last
Marshal.dump(characters, file)
Marshal.dump(Graphics.frame_count, file)
Marshal.dump(@last_bgm, file)
Marshal.dump(@last_bgs, file)
Marshal.dump($game_system, file)
Marshal.dump($game_message, file)
Marshal.dump($game_switches, file)
Marshal.dump($game_variables, file)
Marshal.dump($game_self_switches, file)
Marshal.dump($game_actors, file)
Marshal.dump($game_party, file)
Marshal.dump($game_troop, file)
Marshal.dump($game_map, file)
Marshal.dump($game_player, file)
end
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ● 读出存档数据
# file : 读出存档对象（已开启）
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def self.read_save_data(file)
characters = Marshal.load(file)
Graphics.frame_count = Marshal.load(file)
@last_bgm = Marshal.load(file)
@last_bgs = Marshal.load(file)
$game_system = Marshal.load(file)
$game_message = Marshal.load(file)
$game_switches = Marshal.load(file)
$game_variables = Marshal.load(file)
$game_self_switches = Marshal.load(file)
$game_actors = Marshal.load(file)
$game_party = Marshal.load(file)
$game_troop = Marshal.load(file)
$game_map = Marshal.load(file)
$game_player = Marshal.load(file)
if $game_system.version_id != $data_system.version_id
$game_map.setup($game_map.map_id)
$game_player.center($game_player.x, $game_player.y)
end
end
def self.copy_save_data(index_from,index_to)
File.open("Save#{index_to}.rvdata","wb") do |writer|
File.open("Save#{index_from}.rvdata","rb") do |reader|
writer.write(reader.read)
end
end
end
def self.delete_save_data(index)
if FileTest.exist?("Save#{index}.rvdata")
File.delete("Save#{index}.rvdata")
end
end
end

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DQ::File_Window的定义

module DQ
class Window_File < ::Window_Command
attr_accessor :action
def command
@commands[@index]
end
def initialize(action = :none)
@action = action
case action
when :new
list = new_saves
when :continue
list = exist_saves
when :copy_from
list = exist_saves
when :copy_to
list = new_saves
when :delete
list = exist_saves
else
list = []
end
super(196,list)
end
def new_saves
list = []
for i in 1..3
unless FileTest.exist?("Save#{i}.rvdata")
list.push("新的冒险书#{i}")
end
end
return list
end
def exist_saves
list = []
for i in 1..3
if FileTest.exist?("Save#{i}.rvdata")
list.push("已有的冒险书#{i}")
end
end
return list
end
end
end

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最后是DQ::Scene_Title，从Scene_Title改的，自己写的代码大约200行

#==============================================================================
# ■ Scene_Title
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 　处理标题画面的类。
#==============================================================================
module DQ
class Scene_Title < Scene_Base
attr_accessor :active_window
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ● 开始处理
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def start
super
load_database # 载入数据库
create_game_objects # 生成游戏对象
check_continue # 判断继续是否有效
check_new # 判断是否可以开始新游戏
create_command_window # 生成指令窗口
play_title_music # 播放标题画面音乐
end
def post_start
set_active_window(@command_window)
open_window_with_duration(@command_window,{:x => 24,:y => 24})
end
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ● 结束前处理
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def pre_terminate
super
close_window_with_duration(@copy_window)
close_window_with_duration(@file_window)
close_window_with_duration(@command_window)
end
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ● 结束处理
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def terminate
super
@copy_window.dispose unless @copy_window.nil?
@file_window.dispose unless @file_window.nil?
@command_window.dispose
snapshot_for_background
end
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ● 更新画面
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def update
super
self.send active_window.update_method
end
def update_command
@command_window.update
if Input.trigger?(Input::C)
Sound.play_decision
self.send command
end
end
def update_file
@file_window.update
if Input.trigger?(Input::C)
Sound.play_decision
if @file_window.action == :copy_from
create_copy_window if @copy_window.nil?
open_window_with_duration(@copy_window,{:x => 96,
:y => 104 + 24 * @command_window.index + 24 * @file_window.index})
@copy_window.z = @file_window.z + 1
set_active_window(@copy_window)
return
end
close_window_with_duration(@file_window)
if @file_window.action == :continue
if FileTest.size("Save#{@file_window.command[/\d/]}.rvdata") > 250
DQ.do_load(@file_window.command[/\d/])
else
command_new_game
DQ.do_save(@file_window.command[/\d/])
end
return
end
case @file_window.action
when :new
make_a_new_save(@file_window.command[/\d/])
when :delete
DQ.delete_save_data(@file_window.command[/\d/])
end
$scene = DQ::Scene_Title.new
end
if Input.trigger?(Input::B)
Sound.play_cancel
close_window_with_duration(@file_window)
set_active_window(@command_window)
end
end
def update_copy
@copy_window.update
if Input.trigger?(Input::C)
Sound.play_decision
close_window_with_duration(@copy_window)
DQ.copy_save_data(@file_window.command[/\d/],
@copy_window.command[/\d/])
$scene = DQ::Scene_Title.new
end
if Input.trigger?(Input::B)
Sound.play_cancel
close_window_with_duration(@copy_window)
set_active_window(@file_window)
return
end
end
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ● 判断继续的有效性
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def check_continue
@continue_enabled = (Dir.glob('Save[1-3].rvdata').size > 0)
end
def check_new
@new_enabled = (Dir.glob('Save[1-3].rvdata').size < 3)
end
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ● 生成命令窗口
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def create_command_window
menu_list = remove_disabled_commands(make_menu_list)
@command_window = ::Window_Command.new(172, menu_list)
@command_window.update_method = :update_command
@command_window.openness = 0
end
def make_menu_list
menu_list = []
menu_list.push(s1 = "继续冒险书")
menu_list.push(s2 = "制作冒险书")
menu_list.push(s3 = "复制冒险书")
menu_list.push(s4 = "删除冒险书")
menu_list.push(s5 = "离开游戏")
def s1.sym
:command_continue
end
def s2.sym
:command_choose_book
end
def s3.sym
:command_copy
end
def s4.sym
:command_delete
end
def s5.sym
:command_shutdown
end
return menu_list
end
def remove_disabled_commands(all_list)
menu_list = all_list
unless @continue_enabled
menu_list.delete "继续冒险书"
menu_list.delete "复制冒险书"
menu_list.delete "删除冒险书"
end
unless @new_enabled
menu_list.delete "制作冒险书"
menu_list.delete "复制冒险书"
end
return menu_list
end
# 存档窗口2
def create_copy_window
@copy_window = DQ::Window_File.new(:copy_to)
@copy_window.update_method = :update_copy
end
def command_choose_book
@file_window = DQ::Window_File.new(:new)
@file_window.update_method = :update_file
open_window_with_duration(@file_window,{:x => 64,
:y =>64 + 24 * @command_window.index})
set_active_window(@file_window)
end
def command_continue
open_file_window(:continue)
end
def command_copy
open_file_window(:copy_from)
end
def command_delete
open_file_window(:delete)
end
def open_file_window(file_command)
@file_window = DQ::Window_File.new(file_command)
@file_window.update_method = :update_file
open_window_with_duration(@file_window,{:x => 64,
:y =>64 + 24 * @command_window.index})
set_active_window(@file_window)
end
def make_a_new_save(index)
File.open("Save#{index}.rvdata","wb") do |file|
end
end
def set_active_window(active_window)
@active_window = active_window
end
def command
@command_window.commands[@command_window.index].sym
end
#以下为默认脚本部分
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ● 执行渐变
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def perform_transition
Graphics.transition(20)
end
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ● 主处理
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def main
if $BTEST # 战斗测试的情况下
battle_test # 开始战斗测试处理
else # 普通游戏的情况下
super # 原来的主处理
end
end
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ● 战斗测试
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def battle_test
load_bt_database # 载入战斗测试数据库
create_game_objects # 生成个各种游戏对象
Graphics.frame_count = 0 # 初始化游戏时间
$game_party.setup_battle_test_members
$game_troop.setup($data_system.test_troop_id)
$game_troop.can_escape = true
$game_system.battle_bgm.play
snapshot_for_background
$scene = Scene_Battle.new
end
def command_new_game
confirm_player_location
$game_party.setup_starting_members # 起始队伍
$game_map.setup($data_system.start_map_id) # 起始位置
$game_player.moveto($data_system.start_x, $data_system.start_y)
$game_player.refresh
$scene = Scene_Map.new
RPG::BGM.fade(1500)
close_window_with_duration(@command_window)
Graphics.fadeout(30)
Graphics.wait(20)
Graphics.frame_count = 0
RPG::BGM.stop
$game_map.autoplay
end
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ● 命令：离开游戏
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def command_shutdown
Sound.play_decision
RPG::BGM.fade(800)
RPG::BGS.fade(800)
RPG::ME.fade(800)
$scene = nil
end
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ● 播放标题音乐
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def play_title_music
$data_system.title_bgm.play
RPG::BGS.stop
RPG::ME.stop
end
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ● 检查主角初期位置是否存在
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def confirm_player_location
if $data_system.start_map_id == 0
print "主角初始位置未设定。"
exit
end
end
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ● 载入数据库
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def load_database
$data_actors = load_data("Data/Actors.rvdata")
$data_classes = load_data("Data/Classes.rvdata")
$data_skills = load_data("Data/Skills.rvdata")
$data_items = load_data("Data/Items.rvdata")
$data_weapons = load_data("Data/Weapons.rvdata")
$data_armors = load_data("Data/Armors.rvdata")
$data_enemies = load_data("Data/Enemies.rvdata")
$data_troops = load_data("Data/Troops.rvdata")
$data_states = load_data("Data/States.rvdata")
$data_animations = load_data("Data/Animations.rvdata")
$data_common_events = load_data("Data/CommonEvents.rvdata")
$data_system = load_data("Data/System.rvdata")
$data_areas = load_data("Data/Areas.rvdata")
end
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ● 载入战斗测试数据库
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def load_bt_database
$data_actors = load_data("Data/BT_Actors.rvdata")
$data_classes = load_data("Data/BT_Classes.rvdata")
$data_skills = load_data("Data/BT_Skills.rvdata")
$data_items = load_data("Data/BT_Items.rvdata")
$data_weapons = load_data("Data/BT_Weapons.rvdata")
$data_armors = load_data("Data/BT_Armors.rvdata")
$data_enemies = load_data("Data/BT_Enemies.rvdata")
$data_troops = load_data("Data/BT_Troops.rvdata")
$data_states = load_data("Data/BT_States.rvdata")
$data_animations = load_data("Data/BT_Animations.rvdata")
$data_common_events = load_data("Data/BT_CommonEvents.rvdata")
$data_system = load_data("Data/BT_System.rvdata")
end
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ● 生成各种游戏对象
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def create_game_objects
$game_temp = Game_Temp.new
$game_message = Game_Message.new
$game_system = Game_System.new
$game_switches = Game_Switches.new
$game_variables = Game_Variables.new
$game_self_switches = Game_SelfSwitches.new
$game_actors = Game_Actors.new
$game_party = Game_Party.new
$game_troop = Game_Troop.new
$game_map = Game_Map.new
$game_player = Game_Player.new
end
end
end

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九夜神尊 · 发表于 2010-10-1 16:38:16

爆炸式脚本，没看懂，知道啥意思。下来慢慢研究算法。虽然目前还没遇到过
类似问题

红灯 · 发表于 2010-10-1 16:48:15

汗一个，脚本的世界果然高深莫测啊。自己还在大门外徘徊……- -！
LZ的说的“多态替换条件语句”是为了使代码更简洁、容易修改还是高执行效率？

九夜神尊 · 发表于 2010-10-1 17:00:02

回复六祈的帖子

突然想到一点东西我就懒得自己动手了，直接问67大人好了

def 里面再def 叫什么呢

那么调用的时候会不会就是用xxx.xxx来调用呢

更定义xxx.xxx一个道理呢？

然而如果

def funtion

n = rand(2)
if n == 0
def fun
p 1
end
else
def fun
p 2
end
end

end

funtion.fun

会死机么？

六祈 · 发表于 2010-10-1 17:04:41

回复 九夜神尊 的帖子

你的这种写法有点像javascript，在【函数约等于对象约等于类】的语言中可以存在

Ruby中不会发生，也不存在function.fun这种调用方式，只有对象才可以接收消息，而def的方法显然还不是一个对象

沉影不器 · 发表于 2010-10-1 17:50:57

提示: 作者被禁止或删除内容自动屏蔽

红灯 · 发表于 2010-10-1 17:59:13

呃，不知道发在这里问合不合适。看到神尊的问题，也有一个问题想请问下67大人，类的定义说是可以嵌套定义，那么对嵌套里面类的方法该如何调用?如下，该如何调用function_1？

class Test
def function
p "function"
end
class Test_1
def function_1
p 1
end
end
end

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617545297 · 发表于 2010-10-1 17:59:53

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越前リョーマ · 发表于 2010-10-1 18:26:08

有点不大能理解具体功用……

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